Mark R. Cohen (born 1943) is a Professor of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University. His research specialty is Jews in the Muslim world. He is considered to be one of the leading scholars of the history of Jews in the Middle Ages under Islam. His research relies greatly on documents from the Cairo Geniza. He is also the head of the Geniza Project at Princeton University - a project that aims to place an extensive number of medieval documents on an online search engine (as of March 2007, there were approximately 4000 documents in the database). The project's headquarters are located at the S.D. Goitein Geniza Research Lab, where many of Goitein's personal books and notes are stored.
Cohen received his undergraduate degree at Brandeis University, his master's degree at Columbia University, and his doctorate at the Jewish Theological Seminary. He currently lives in New York City.